Spellings

Spellings

   February 28, 2019       barkha verma

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Spelling

1. Words + -s and es (birds/watches etc.)

Noun + s(plural)
bird-birds
mistake - mistakes
hotel - hotels

verb + s(he/she/it-s)
think - thinks
live - lives
remember - remembers

+es after -s/ -sh/ -ch/ -x:
bus - buses
pass - passes
address - addresses
dish - dishes
wash - washes
finish - finish
watch - watches
teach - teaches
sandwich - sandwiches

also

potato - potatoes
tomato - tomatoes
do - does
go - goes

-f/ -fe/ -ves:
shelf - shelves
knife - knives
roof - roofs

2. Words ending in -y (baby-babies/ study-studied etc.)

-y - ies
study - studies
story - stories
try - tries
city - cities
marry - marries
baby - babies
fly - flies

-y - ied
study - studied
try - tried
marry - married
copy - copied

-y - ier/-iest
easy - easier/ easiest
happy - happier/ happiest
heavy - heavier/ heaviest
lucky - luckier/ luckiest
funny - funnier/ funniest

-y - ily
easy - easily
happy - happily
lucky - luckily
heavy - heavily

y does not change i if the ending is -ay/ -ed/ -oy/ -uy:
holiday - holidays
enjoy - enjoys/enjoyed
stay - stays/stayed
buy - buys
key - keys

but
say - said
pay - paid

3. -ing

verbs that end in -e (make//write/drive etc.) - ing:
make - making
write - writing
come - coming
dance - dancing

verbs that end in -ie - -ying
lie - lying
die - dying
tie - tying

4. Stop - stopped, big-bigger etc.

vowels and consonants:
vowel letters:     a e i o u
consonant letters: b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t w x y z

Sometimes a word ends in a vowel + a consonant. for example: stop, big, get.
before -ing/ -ed/ -er/ -est, the consonant at the end (-p/-g/-t etc.) is doubled' (-pp-/-gg-/-tt-etc.)
for example:

stop     STOP     p-pp      stopping   stopped
run       RUN      n-nn      running
get       GET       t-tt         getting
swim   SWIM    m-mm   swimming
big       BIG       g-gg       bigger       biggest

hot       HOT      t-tt         hotter        hottest

thin      THIN     n-nn      thinner      thinnest

5. This does not happen 

(1) If the word ends in two consonant letters (C+C):

help    HELP     helping   helped

word   WORK  working  worked

fast     FAST     faster       fastest

(2) If the word ends in two vowel letters + a consonant latter (V+V+C)

need    NEED    needing   needed

wait     WAIT    waiting    waited

cheap   CHEAP cheaper   cheapest

(3) In longer words (two syllables or more) if the last part of the word is not stressed:

  

happen       HAP-pen        Happening/happened

visit           VIS-it              visiting/visited

remember  re-MEM-ber   remembring/remembered

prefer         pre-FER   (stress at the end)  preferring/preferred

begin          be-GIN    (stress at the end)  beginning

(4) If the word ends in -y or -w. (At the end of words, y and w are not consonants.)

enjoy/enjoying/enjoyed

snow/snowing/snowed

few/fewer/fewest